Perancangan Arsitektur Change Data Capture untuk Mendukung Integrasi Data Near Real-Time pada Aplikasi Operasi Kereta Api

Abstract

Railway operation systems consist of multiple interconnected applications that require reliable and real-time data integration to support operational efficiency and decision-making. As the number of applications and databases increases, conventional integration approaches such as direct database access, periodic synchronization, and application-level messaging become increasingly complex and may lead to data inconsistency, high system coupling, and limited scalability. Change Data Capture (CDC) has emerged as a promising approach for capturing database changes in near real-time without requiring modifications to existing applications. This study aims to design a Change Data Capture architecture to support near real-time data integration in railway operation applications. The research adopts the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM), consisting of problem identification, requirement analysis, architecture design, prototype development, and design validation. A case study is conducted within a railway operational environment to analyze existing integration challenges and define the functional components of the proposed architecture. The resulting architecture comprises a source database, CDC engine, event streaming platform, consumer services, and target databases, enabling an event-driven and loosely coupled integration model. The proposed architecture is expected to improve data consistency, reduce integration complexity, and provide a scalable foundation for future implementation of real-time data synchronization across railway operation systems. Furthermore, this research provides a reference architecture that can serve as a guideline for implementing Change Data Capture in mission-critical enterprise applications.